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USCG Exam Practice · Dead reckoning — DR plot maintenance

In confined waters where dead reckoning alone is insufficient, which navigation method is considered primary?

  1. ACelestial navigation
  2. BElectronic navigation
  3. CPiloting✓ correct
  4. DRunning fix construction

Why C is correct

Bowditch Ch. 1 §103 states that piloting — navigation by reference to landmarks, aids to navigation, and soundings — is the primary method used in confined waters where dead reckoning alone is insufficient and electronic positioning may be obstructed.

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